I125立體定位手術
I125 Brachytherapy
I125是一種放射性同位素，可以將放射源精確地定位在腫瘤部位,並持續發射出低能量的伽馬射線，以達到局部控制腫瘤生長的目的。
這種方法對於無法完全切除的腦瘤，是一種有效的治療方式。它具有局部劑量高、對周圍正常組織傷害較小等優點。
I125 is a radioactive isotope that can be precisely positioned within a tumor. It continuously emits low-energy gamma rays to locally control tumor growth. This method is particularly effective for brain tumors that cannot be completely removed. It offers the advantages of high local dosage and minimal damage to surrounding normal tissues.
且對於惡性腦瘤和轉移癌的生長速度快、侵襲性強，需要更積極的治療方式，故將放射線治療和化學療法合併使用，可以達到更全面的治療效果，提高患者的生存率。
For rapidly growing and highly invasive malignant brain tumors and metastases, a more aggressive treatment approach is often necessary. Combining radiation therapy with chemotherapy can achieve more comprehensive treatment outcomes and improve patient survival rates.
不過雖然手術後合併放射線治療是常見的做法，但並非所有患者都適合立即進行。有時需要根據患者的具體情況，如腫瘤類型、大小、位置等，來決定放射治療的開始時間。且放射線治療的劑量和次數會根據腫瘤的特性、患者的狀況等因素來決定。有些患者需要多次小劑量的放射線治療，有些則需要單次大劑量的放射線治療。
While combining surgery with radiation therapy is common practice, not all patients are suitable for immediate radiation therapy. The timing of radiation therapy initiation depends on factors such as tumor type, size, and location. The dose and frequency of radiation therapy are determined based on the characteristics of the tumor and the patient's condition. Some patients require multiple low-dose radiation treatments, while others may need a single high-dose treatment.
除了I-125，還有其他放射性同位素，如碘-131、鈀-103等，它們的物理特性和臨床應用各有不同。醫師會根據腫瘤的特性和患者的狀況，選擇最適合的放射性同位素。
In addition to I-125, other radioactive isotopes such as iodine-131 and palladium-103 have different physical properties and clinical applications. Physicians will select the most suitable radioactive isotope based on the characteristics of the tumor and the patient's condition.
放射治療的副作用
然而，放射治療可能會引起一些副作用，如食道炎、口腔黏膜炎、疲勞等。這些副作用通常是暫時的，並會在治療結束後逐漸緩解。醫療團隊會密切監測患者的狀況，並提供相應的緩解措施。
However, radiation therapy can cause side effects such as esophagitis, mucositis, and fatigue. These side effects are usually temporary and gradually subside after treatment. The medical team will closely monitor the patient's condition and provide appropriate relief measures.
例如一位正在接受胸壁放射治療的復發性乳癌病人表示：「吞嚥時感到疼痛，胸口有灼熱及緊繃感」是病人因放射線治療導致食道炎。
放射線治療的目的是殺死癌細胞，但同時也會傷害到周圍的正常組織，包括食道。
For example, a patient with recurrent breast cancer undergoing chest wall radiation therapy may complain of pain when swallowing, a burning sensation in the chest, and tightness. This is due to esophagitis caused by radiation therapy. Radiation therapy aims to kill cancer cells but can also damage surrounding normal tissues, including the esophagus.
食道位於胸腔內，與胸壁相鄰。當進行胸壁放射治療時，不可避免地會有一部分放射線照射到食道。
食道內壁的黏膜對放射線比較敏感，當受到放射線照射後，很容易發生炎症反應，導致食道炎。
The esophagus is located in the chest cavity and is adjacent to the chest wall. When undergoing chest wall radiation therapy, some radiation inevitably reaches the esophagus. The mucosal lining of the esophagus is sensitive to radiation and can easily become inflamed, leading to esophagitis.
皮膚副作用
皮膚反應是放射治療常見的副作用之一。患者可能會出現皮膚乾燥、發癢、脫皮等症狀。這是因為放射線治療會損傷皮膚細胞，導致皮膚屏障功能受損。為了減輕不適，建議患者使用溫和的清水清潔患部，避免使用熱水(放射線治療後的皮膚通常對熱敏感)、去角質(進一步損傷已經受損的皮膚)或含有香精(刺激受損的皮膚)的產品。此外，保持皮膚濕潤、穿著寬鬆衣物、避免陽光直射等措施也有助於緩解症狀。
Skin reactions are a common side effect of radiation therapy. Patients may experience dryness, itching, and peeling. This is because radiation therapy damages skin cells, impairing the skin's barrier function. To alleviate discomfort, it is recommended that patients cleanse the affected area with mild water, avoiding hot water, exfoliants, and products containing fragrances. Additionally, keeping the skin moisturized, wearing loose clothing, and avoiding direct sunlight can help alleviate symptoms.
食道炎的症狀：
Symptoms of esophagitis include:
吞嚥疼痛： 這是食道炎最常見的症狀，因為食道黏膜受損，在吞嚥時會產生摩擦和刺激。
Pain when swallowing: This is the most common symptom of esophagitis, as the damaged esophageal mucosa causes friction and irritation during swallowing.
胸骨後灼熱感： 這種感覺類似於胃酸逆流，但引起的原因不同。
Burning sensation behind the sternum: This feeling is similar to heartburn but has a different cause.
吞嚥困難： 隨著病情加重，患者可能會出現吞嚥困難，甚至無法進食。
Difficulty swallowing: As the condition worsens, patients may experience difficulty swallowing or even be unable to eat.
在放射治療過程中，患者的積極配合和自我管理非常重要。且須鼓勵患者與醫療團隊保持密切溝通，以便及時處理可能出現的問題。
During radiation therapy, patient cooperation and self-management are crucial. Patients should be encouraged to maintain close communication with the medical team to address any potential issues.
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