關於奏鳴曲
莫札特一生創作了超過600首鋼琴作品，其中奏鳴曲有很多章節，包括17首完整的鋼琴奏鳴曲。
Mozart composed over 600 piano works throughout his life, including 17 complete piano sonatas.
奏鳴曲通常為多樂章組成，起源於巴洛克時期，在巴洛克時期的奏鳴曲通常由兩到四個樂章組成，在古典時期更為古典音樂的表現形式，古典時期的奏鳴曲通常分為三個樂章，依序為奏鳴曲式、抒情性樂章和迴旋曲或輪奏曲。
Sonatas, typically composed of multiple movements, originated in the Baroque era. During this period, sonatas typically consisted of two to four movements. In the Classical era, sonatas became a quintessential form of musical expression, typically structured into three movements: the sonata form, a lyrical movement, and a rondo or minuet.
巴洛克時期的音樂主要在1600年至1750年左右流行。
The music of the Baroque period was mainly popular from around 1600 to 1750.
奏鳴曲代表作曲家有科雷利、維瓦爾第、巴赫等。
Representative composers of sonatas include Corelli, Vivaldi, Bach, etc.
古典時期的音樂主要在1750年至1820年左右流行。
Music from the classical period was mainly popular from around 1750 to 1820.
奏鳴曲代表作曲家有海頓、莫扎特、貝多芬等。
Representative composers of sonatas include Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, etc.
在巴洛克時期和古典時期，奏鳴曲得到了廣泛的發展，成為這兩個時期最具代表性的音樂形式之一。
During the Baroque and Classical periods, sonatas developed extensively and became one of the most representative musical forms in these two periods.
奏鳴曲通常長度都非常的長，所以背譜的技巧就是要了解樂曲結構，如果要背的譜是奏鳴曲，可了解一下其呈示部、發展部(調性不穩定)、再現部(注意不一樣的地方)，可以的話就默寫三次譜，平時練琴時也要多看譜，才不會因為時間的關係生疏，忘了原譜。
Due to their extended length, memorizing sonatas requires a thorough understanding of their structural framework. When memorizing a sonata, it is essential to grasp the exposition, development (characterized by tonal instability), and recapitulation sections (paying attention to any variations). If possible, practice writing out the score three times. Additionally, during regular practice sessions, make a conscious effort to sight-read the music to maintain familiarity and prevent lapses in memory due to time constraints.
第69頁，莫札特E大調第十四號奏鳴鋼琴曲
曲名為Sonate，編列於奏鳴曲第69頁，為莫札特E大調第十四號鋼琴奏鳴曲，作品編號K.283(189h)
這首歌被創作於1774年，當時莫札特年僅18歲。
The piece titled "Sonate," listed on page 69 of the sonata collection, is Mozart's Sonata in E Major, K. 283(189h). Composed in 1774, it was written when Mozart was only 18 years old.
這首奏鳴曲是莫札特在曼海姆創作的一系列鋼琴奏鳴曲之一，當時他正在為一家劇院工作。
This sonata is one of a series of piano sonatas that Mozart wrote while working for a theater in Mannheim.
這首奏鳴曲由三個樂章組成：
The sonata consists of three movements:
第一樂章First Movement
第一樂章是奏鳴曲式，速度為中庸的快板。樂章的主題明亮而活潑，副題則抒情而優美。
The first movement is in sonata form and is marked Allegro. The movement's main theme is bright and lively, while the secondary theme is lyrical and graceful.
第一拍要加強，左手的八度要斷奏。
The first beat should be emphasized, and the left hand octaves should be staccato.
tr是Trillo顫音，用最快速度交替演奏標示的音符和其上方的音，trillo 的演奏速度沒有嚴格的規範，慢速就慢速交替，快速則快速交替。
Tr is a trill, which is played by alternating the indicated note and the note above it at the fastest possible speed. There is no strict rule for the speed of a trill; it should be played slowly at a slow tempo and quickly at a fast tempo.
第二樂章Second Movement
第二樂章是行板，速度為慢板。樂章的主題優美而感人，充滿了抒情性。
The second movement is in Andante tempo and is marked sostenuto. The movement's main theme is beautiful and touching, full of lyricism.
第三樂章
Third Movement
第三樂章是迴旋曲式，速度為快板。樂章的主題活潑而輕快。
The third movement is in rondo form and is marked Allegro. The movement's main theme is lively and cheerful.
樂譜中的解釋名詞 Musical Terms
Allegro：義大利語，意思是“快板”有「快速的」或「生動的」且帶有「歡樂」的含義。
Allegro: Italian for "fast" or "lively," with a joyful connotation.
cresc.: 義大利語，意思是“漸強”。
cresc.: Italian for "crescendo," meaning to gradually increase in volume.
m.d. 是義大利語 mano destra 的縮寫，意思是“右手”。
m.d.: Abbreviation for the Italian mano destra, meaning "right hand."
m.s. 是義大利語 mano sinistra 的縮寫，意思是“左手”。
m.s.: Abbreviation for the Italian mano sinistra, meaning "left hand."
Explanation of the Ornaments
其中有一些波音記號，六九頁的部分是下波音，彈法是21(16分音符)2(八分音符)=1拍
The text mentions that there are some mordents in the score. On page 69, the mordent is a lower mordent, which is played as follows:
21 (16th notes) 2 (8th notes) = 1 beat
奏鳴曲集其實有階段性的琴譜集，1之後還有2，貝多芬的月光奏鳴曲便收錄在奏鳴曲集2中，貝多芬創作的一系列鋼琴奏鳴曲中月光奏鳴曲是相當著名的，是一首C#小調的奏鳴曲，作品編號為Op. 27 No. 2，這首曲子以其抒情優美的旋律和深邃的情感而聞名，是古典主義時期鋼琴音樂的代表作之一，這首曲子也相當的長，曲子頁面總共有10頁。
Sonata cycles, or "Sonatenkranz" in German, are collections of sonatas that follow a progression, with "Sonate 2" following "Sonate 1." Beethoven's famous "Moonlight Sonata" is included in Sonata Cycle 2. Among Beethoven's many piano sonatas, the "Moonlight Sonata" stands out as a particularly renowned work. This C-sharp minor sonata, with the opus number Op. 27 No. 2, is widely recognized for its lyrical and graceful melodies, as well as its profound emotional depth. It is considered one of the masterpieces of piano music from the Classical period. The "Moonlight Sonata" is also quite long, with a total of 10 pages in the score.
小奏鳴曲
第14首第73頁Sonate-莫札特(k545)
創作於 1774 年。
Composed in 1774
有幾組裝飾音的運用，以及表現斷奏和連奏的對比。
There are several groups of ornaments used, and the contrast between staccato and legato is expressed.
彈奏莫札特的音色要乾淨，所以在音階上的表現上要注意一下手指的抬起。
When playing Mozart's music, it is important to have a clean sound. Therefore, when playing scales, it is important to pay attention to the lifting of the fingers.
還有歌唱性、對稱性，根據樂段的風格來表現觸鍵。
In addition, it is important to pay attention to the singing and symmetry of the music, and to use different touches according to the style of the passage.
莫扎特的小奏鳴曲89頁是一首輪旋曲(Rondo)
速度為快板(Allegro)
The Allegro movement of Mozart's Sonata No. 1, page 89, is a rondo in a fast tempo (Allegro).
用到的音樂術語有
The movement uses the following musical terms:
1. crese漸強，即音量逐漸增強。gradually louder
2. poco. ritdrd.逐漸漸慢，即速度逐漸減慢。gradually slower
3. sf：強音，即音量加強。forte, a loud dynamic marking
4. fp：強弱音，即音量先強後弱。forte-piano, a loud-then-soft dynamic marking
5. dimin漸弱，即音量逐漸減弱。gradually softer
第94頁的是Sonatine J.Dussek Op.20 N0.1
是捷克作曲家 Jan Ladislav Dussek 的作品，是一首鋼琴奏鳴曲，創作於 1799 年。這首奏鳴曲共三個樂章：
第一樂章：Allegro non tanto
第二樂章：Rondo Allegretto Tempo di Minuetto 風格上模仿小步舞曲，具有輕快活潑的特點
第三樂章：Rondo - Allegro
這首曲子和其他奏鳴曲一樣，都有一些漸強cresc.的片段要表現
Like other sonatas, this piece also has some crescendo (cresc.)
passages to be performed.
第98頁，18曲PRÄLUDIUM
由約翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴哈（Johann Sebastian Bach）作曲於《平均律鋼琴曲集》（Das Wohltemperierte Klavier）最重要的作品之一，於小奏鳴曲中第18首為前奏曲的部分，標題為“PRÄLUDIUM，這是德語中“前奏曲”的意思。
Johann Sebastian Bach's The Well-Tempered Clavier (Das Wohltemperierte Klavier) is one of his most important works. The 18th piece in the Little Prelude is the prelude part, titled "PRÄLUDIUM", which is German for "prelude".
這首歌因為古諾(Gounod)把它用在聖母瑪利亞的伴奏著名，要注意右手的16分音符，避免談成三連符，演奏時注意漸強漸弱，PP處應該也要確實呈現
This song is famous for being used by Gounod as an accompaniment for Ave Maria. Pay attention to the 16th notes in the right hand to avoid playing them as triplets. When playing, pay attention to the crescendo and decrescendo, and the PP should also be played accurately.
曲子中用到的音樂術語：
Musical terms used in the piece
Allegro moderato
義大利語中“中等的快板”，介於快板（Allegro）和中板（Moderato）之間，要表現出活潑、輕快的感覺
Italian for "moderately fast"
A tempo between Allegro (fast) and Moderato (moderate)
Used to express a lively and cheerful feeling
legato
義大利語，要彈奏的較為連貫避免斷開，用來表現抒情、優美的意境。
Italian for "smoothly"
To play the notes in a connected manner, without breaks
Used to express a lyrical and beautiful mood
poco cresc.義大利語，聲音的強度需要逐漸加強，來表現情緒變化
Italian for "gradually increase"
The volume should gradually increase
Used to express changes in the emotion of the music
P.124 第29首 韋伯《變奏曲：Vien' quà, Dorina bella》
P. 124, No. 29, Weber’s “Variations on ‘Vien’ quà, Dorina bella’”
Variation Uber,, Vien'qua,dorina bella. C.M.v.Weber Op.7
卡爾・馬利亞・馮・韋伯（Carl Maria von Weber）的《變奏曲：Vien' quà, Dorina bella》，作品編號7，是他在21歲時創作的一部早期作品。這首作品以一首義大利民謠為主題，並發展出七個風格迥異的變奏與第一變奏曲，充分展現了年輕的韋伯對變奏曲形式的探索與掌握。
Carl Maria von Weber’s “Variations on ‘Vien’ quà, Dorina bella’,” Op. 7, is an early work composed by the 21-year-old composer. Based on an Italian folk song, the work develops seven variations with distinct styles from the first variation, fully demonstrating the young Weber’s exploration and mastery of the variation form.
這是一首充滿陽光與歡樂的義大利民謠，意為「多麗娜，到這來」。韋伯選擇這首旋律作為變奏主題，為整個作品奠定了輕鬆愉快的基調。
This is a sunny and joyful Italian folk song meaning "Come here, Dorina." Weber chose this melody as the theme, setting a light and cheerful tone for the entire work.
變奏的豐富性： 七個變奏曲各具特色，從簡單的裝飾變奏到複雜的對位變奏，充分展現了韋伯對音樂的豐富想像力。第一樂章較為緩慢，第二樂章以變奏開頭，暗示著變奏在整個作品中的重要地位。
The seven variations are rich and varied, ranging from simple ornamental variations to complex contrapuntal variations, fully demonstrating Weber's rich imagination in music. The first movement is relatively slow, and the second movement begins with a variation, suggesting the importance of the variation in the entire work.
風格的轉換： 整個作品的風格多變，從主題的安詳明朗，到變奏中的熱情奔放，再到尾聲的寧靜平和，展現了韋伯對音樂情感的細膩把握。
The style of the entire work is varied, from the serene and bright theme to the passionate and unrestrained variations, and finally to the peaceful tranquility of the ending, demonstrating Weber's delicate grasp of musical emotions.
Composer:F.Mendelssohn-Bartholdy Op.16.No1
頁數：126
Page count: 126
曲目：30
Number of pieces: 30
曲名：Fantaisie ou caprice
Composer:F.Mendelssohn-Bartholdy Op.16.No1
這首孟德爾頌-幻想曲 Op.16.No1，是孟德爾頌18歲時創作的鋼琴小品，靈感來自於他在威爾士與泰勒家度過的時光，其意涵充滿著浪漫的色彩，有著優美的旋律和豐富的和聲，相較於傳統的奏鳴曲，這首曲子的結構更加自由，通過不同的音樂素材和情緒變化來表現，甚至連踏板上的運用，也相當的自由隨意，可能因為這樣，這首曲子聽起來相當的生動活潑，不過對於演奏技巧的要求卻不低，包含著複雜的和絃、跳躍性的音符，考驗著演奏者的手指協調和音樂表達能力。
Mendelssohn's "Fantaisie ou caprice" Op. 16, No. 1, a piano piece composed by Mendelssohn at the age of 18, was inspired by his time spent with the Taylor family in Wales. Imbued with romantic sentiments, the piece boasts beautiful melodies and rich harmonies. Compared to the traditional sonata form, its structure is more free, expressed through diverse musical materials and emotional fluctuations. Even the use of the pedal is quite free and spontaneous, perhaps contributing to the piece's lively and vibrant character. However, the piece demands a high level of technical proficiency, featuring complex chords and leaps, which test the pianist's finger coordination and musical expressiveness.
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