二十世紀音樂是音樂史上一個承前啟後的時期,出現了多元化的音樂風格和形式,湧現出了印象主義、表現主義、新古典主義、爵士樂、電子音樂等具有突破性意義的音樂作品。
Twentieth-century music is a period in the history of music that connects the past and the future. Diversified music styles and forms have emerged, and breakthrough musical works such as impressionism, expressionism, neoclassicism, jazz, and electronic music have emerged.
克勞德·德布西(Claude Debussy)於1862年法國出生是印象主義的音樂先驅創始者,鋼琴老師是莫蒂·德·希勒維爾夫人,他是蕭邦的學生、詩人魏爾蘭的岳母,他的作品特色包含了東方人的五聲音階、全音音階、平行和弦和音程,有著朦朧的色彩、自由的節奏、新穎的和聲而聞名。
Claude Debussy was born in France in 1862. He was the pioneer and founder of Impressionism music. His piano teacher was Madame Morty de Hilleville, who was a student of Chopin and the mother-in-law of the poet Verlaine. The characteristics of his works include Eastern pentatonic scales, whole-tone scales, parallel chords and intervals, and are famous for their hazy colors, free rhythms and novel harmonies.
這本書第一首為《小努瓦爾》(Le Petit Noir)是一首鋼琴小品,收錄於其《前奏曲集》第二集。這首曲子創作於1909年。《小努瓦爾》的曲調輕快活潑,充滿了非洲音樂的異國情調。曲子以明快的節奏開場,表現出小黑人的活潑好動。隨後,曲調逐漸變得柔和,表現出小黑人內心的溫柔善良。最後,曲子以明亮的音色結束,表現出小黑人對生活的熱愛。
The first piece in this book is "Le Petit Noir", a piano piece by Claude Debussy. It was published in 1909 as part of his second set of preludes. "Le Petit Noir" is a lively and rhythmic piece with a strong African influence. It begins with a bright and energetic melody, reflecting the playful nature of a young black boy. The music then becomes softer and more lyrical, expressing the boy's inner kindness and gentleness. The piece ends with a bright and optimistic mood, reflecting the boy's love of life.
以下是曲子用到的音樂術語:
Allegro giusto:中等快板,保持節奏準確。
très rythmé:非常有節奏感。
Marcato:重音,突出某個音符或和弦。
E dim.:漸弱,逐漸變弱。
Dim.:弱,音量減弱。
Cresc. Molto:漸強,逐漸變強。
Un peu retenu:稍微放慢,但保持節奏準確。
A Tempo:回到原來的速度。
Doux et expressif:輕柔而富有表情。
除了上面描述的鋼琴曲集,德布西的作品我也接觸過這本小孩子的天地/第一號 第二號華麗曲)
In addition to the piano pieces I mentioned above, I have also played Debussy's Children's Corner, including the first and second arabesques.
1 ére Arabesque第一號華麗曲
(第一號阿拉貝斯克)
曲子速度為Andantino con moto,比行板稍快一點,且帶有動感的感覺。這是一首四個升的的曲子,包含著許多三連音,以及雙手不對稱的節奏,當時彈奏真的覺得蠻棘手的,畢竟要相當注意雙手的協調性。
曲子踏板的符號也比以往的樂譜來得多。這裡的「Ped.」指的是持續踏板(sustain pedal),也就是將踏板踩下,讓琴弦持續發聲,產生連續的音色。而「Con Ped.」則表示「帶有踏板」,也就是說,在演奏這段樂句時,要儘量保持踏板踩下的狀態,以營造出更連貫、更豐富的音色。
在一個小節中可能就有多次踏板踩放的時間點,所以不光手很忙,腳也要注意!這對演奏者來說,是一個很大的挑戰。
曲子中的相關註釋如下:
Rit=漸慢(gradually slower)
Poco a poco cresc =漸強(gradually louder)
Sempre cresc.=演奏力度一直增強(always louder)
解釋:
Ped. (Sustain Pedal): 踏板踩下,讓琴弦持續發聲,產生連續的音色。
Con Ped. (With Pedal): 在演奏這段樂句時,要儘量保持踏板踩下的狀態。
差異:
《第一號阿拉貝斯克》這首曲子對於踏板的使用有較高的要求。演奏者需要仔細閱讀樂譜上的踏板標記,並根據音樂的表達需要,靈活運用踏板,才能演奏出這首曲子的美感。
《月光曲》鋼琴作品研究
德布西的《月光曲》是代表作之一
Debussy's "Clair de Lune": A Masterpiece Among Masterpieces
這首曲子被創造於1890年,描繪了月光下的寧靜世界,旋律相當優美且流暢,左右手搭配彈奏出起伏婉轉且圓潤的旋律線條,用了大量的不協和弦,營造出朦朧且抒情的氛圍。
This piece was created in 1890 and depicts a tranquil world under the moonlight. The melody is quite elegant and flowing. The left and right hands play matching notes, producing gently undulating and smooth melodic lines with a large amount of dissonant strings, creating a hazy and lyrical atmosphere.
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